A review of the literature identifies three main factors that influence student motivation to participate in physical education activities: (1) gender; (2) body image; and (3) enjoyment (Azzarito & Solmon, 2005, 2006, 2009; Lodewyk et al., 2009; Smith & St. Pierre, 2009). Males and females are motivated differently because of their activity preferences (Azzarito & Solmon, 2006). Body image refers to how an individual views, and what their attitude is toward, their own body (Lodewyk et al., 2009). Student motivation increases when they participate in activities they enjoy (Smith & St. Pierre, 2009). This article begins by discussing these three major influences on secondary students' participation in physical education activities. Next, research-based recommendations are discussed to help teachers engage students in physical education. Finally, innovative ideas are described to create positive learning experiences in which students can be engaged and enjoy a physically active life. (Contains 2 tables.)