The relative costs and benefits of workplace literacy training were analyzed. An analysis based on eight benefits/costs (training costs; higher productivity; high wages; nonwage compensation; less worker turnover; safer workplace; higher taxes; and improved self-esteem) established that workplace literacy training offers net benefits for workers, the rest of society, and the education/training establishment but a mix of costs and benefits for employers. A second analysis based on data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) and National Household Education Survey (NHES) indicated that the costs of workplace literacy training incurred by employers may amount to 10-15% of workers' wages. Finally, a study of employer perceptions of the benefits of workplace literacy training to firms was cited in which the following numbers of respondents credited workplace literacy training with having moderate/significant impact on selected aspects of job performance: quality of output, 51%; ability to use new technology, 51%; error rates, 41%; customer satisfaction, 35%; time savings, 33%; and safety, 33%. (Tables detailing means/standard deviations of variables in the CPS and NHES earnings models and characteristics of workplace literacy programs are appended. Contains 18 references.) (MN)