Unemployment is, and will likely continue to be, a problem in industrialized nations. Numerous studies have concluded unemployment negatively impacts self-esteem and self-efficacy. Additional studies have shown that unemployed individuals with lower self-esteem and self-efficacy tend to remain unemployed longer than individuals with higher self-perceptions. When examining the self-concepts of unemployed individuals, researchers have identified factors other than unemployment that can affect self-esteem and self-efficacy. This study attempted to identify and quantify several variables that have been shown to affect self-esteem and self-efficacy in the unemployed. This research also examined the correlations between self-esteem, self-efficacy, and job search self-efficacy. Unemployed individuals (N = 117) were surveyed in the states of Idaho, Oregon, and Nevada. Participants were recruited from labor department offices, a vocational school, and a food bank. Self-esteem, general self-efficacy, and job search self-efficacy were measured as well as affecting factors including: age, ethnicity, participation in retraining programs, educational level, gender, previous position, length of unemployment, social support, and financial strain. Significant and predictive relationships were found between self-esteem, self-efficacy, and job search self-efficacy. This study also found family and social support to be significantly correlated to all three dependent variables. This study also found significant correlations between financial strain and self-esteem and general self-efficacy for all participants. Enrolling in college or participating in vocational retraining was significantly correlated to general self-efficacy. Age was found to have a significant correlation to general self-efficacy, but only for participants under the age of 40. In addition, having been a supervisor or manager in their previous position was significantly correlated to self-efficacy, but only for male participants. This study's findings support the conclusions of many other studies: factors other than unemployment alone can affect the self-perceptions of the unemployed. The findings of this study contradicted some previous research when examining the gender influence on the effects of family support and financial strain. This study and others demonstrate the importance of considering additional influences when counseling the unemployed. Self-esteem and self-efficacy are complicated constructs and affected by many external factors. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]