Children begin to show sedentary behaviors around the age of 12 and increased mortality is associated with sedentary behaviors in children and adults. This case study examined physical activity (PA) perceptions of task oriented and ego oriented children. Research has addressed perceptions based on goal orientations and how perception of PA changes within the physical education classroom. Achievement goal theory formed the conceptual framework of the study. The research questions focused on PA perceptions of task oriented and ego oriented children, and the ways in which student's perceptions of PA change while engaging in PA. The 16-week study incorporated interviews, observations, and participant journals to examine PA perceptions of differing goal orientations. Six purposefully sampled participants completed the Task and Ego Orientation Sports Questionnaire (TEOSQ). Through interpretive analysis and open coding, the study revealed that perceptions of PA do change and changes in perceptions were a result of the participant's social interactions and perceived relevancy of task and ego oriented children. Research concluded that an individual's goal orientation does affect perception. Ego oriented individuals are affected by external influences whereas task oriented individuals are motivated from within. Recommendations include encouraging children to socialize with friends during PA and creating physical education curricula that emphasizes task oriented goal structures. Implications for social change include changing perceptions that can influence changes in sedentary living. Understanding that individuals can have differing goal orientations, and that these orientations affect perceptions of PA, can help educators increase satisfaction with PA and healthier behaviors in children. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]