This study investigated vocational rehabilitation (VR) outcomes among people with criminal histories with mental impairments who were served in a state-federal VR agency during fiscal year 2010 as extracted from the Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA) 911 national database. Using hierarchical logistic analysis, this study examined predictors of successful competitive employment outcomes based on consumer demographic information and services received. Gender, age, and race/ethnicity, diagnosis and treatment, and job placement assistance were positive predictors of VR outcomes, while receiving job readiness assistance was found to be a negative predictor. Chi-square tests of independence revealed statistically significant differences between race/ethnicity and closure type, types of services, and unsuccessful closure reasons. Implications for rehabilitation counselors and future research are discussed. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]