This report for Lithuania forms part of the OECD Review of Policies to Improve the Effectiveness of Resource Use in Schools. The purpose of the review is to explore how school resources can be governed, distributed, utilised and managed to improve the quality, equity and efficiency of school education. School resources are understood in a broad way, including financial resources (e.g. expenditures on education, school budget), physical resources (e.g. school infrastructure, computers), human resources (e.g. teachers, school leaders) and other resources (e.g. learning time). Lithuania was one of the education systems which opted to participate in the country review strand and host a visit by an external review team. This publication is the report from the review team. It provides, from an international perspective, an independent analysis of major issues facing the use of school resources in the Slovak Republic, current policy initiatives, and possible future approaches. The report serves three purposes: (1) to provide insights and advice to Lithuanian education authorities; (2) to help OECD countries understand the Lithuanian approach to the use of school resources; and (3) to provide input for the final comparative analysis of the OECD School Resources Review. The scope for the analysis in this report includes early childhood education and school education. At the request of the Lithuanian authorities, the focus areas of the Review of School Resources in Lithuania are: (1) funding of school education; (2) organisation of the school network; and (3) the teaching profession and school leadership (including improving their attractiveness). The analysis presented in the report refers to the situation faced by the education system in December 2014, when the OECD review team visited Lithuania. Three annexes are included: (1) The OECD Review of Policies to Improve the Effectiveness of Resource Use in School; (2) Composition of the OECD Review Team; and (3) Visit programme. Individual chapters contain references.