Purpose: The authors compared the levels of job burden and stress in psychiatry residents with those of other healthcare professionals at inpatient and outpatient psychiatric hospitals in a medium-sized Brazilian city. Method: In this study, the levels of job burden and stress of 136 healthcare workers and 36 psychiatry residents from six various psychiatric facilities (two day-hospitals, two inpatient units of psychiatric hospitals, and two general hospitals) were evaluated. All participants completed two rating scales for job burden and stress. Results: Psychiatry residents showed higher job burden and stress than other healthcare workers. There was a negative correlation between the burden scores and age in the sample of employees, but no correlation of burden and age in residents. Conclusion: Psychiatric residents in this study suffered higher levels of job burden and stress than other healthcare professionals, suggesting the need for changes in residency programs to deal with this issue.