The publication, referred to as a unit on "Modern Dilemmas," was completed in 1969 and is part of a Modern World History pilot project integrating areas of art, literature, philosophy, and science into the social studies curriculum. The unit seeks to explore all of the facets of science as part of man's search for meaning, but because of time limitations, important scientific ideas in psychology, politics, sociology, or economics are not explicitly analyzed. The unit does seek to show where scientific principles are applicable to the social and behavioral sciences and, indeed, how scientific advances have caused social change. Each lesson is written in detail, exploring the various aspects of one major idea. A large number of films are suggested. The ideas offered include: (1) basic scientific principles, such as systems analysis and the meaning and implications of use of computers; (2) new scientific approaches to old problems, such as the role of science in alleviating poverty and overpopulation; (3) the positive implications of the computer revolution and the electronics revolution; and (4) the negative implications of modern science. Suggested activities, comments, and suggested readings are given to illuminate those characteristics of science which differentiate it from other disciplines. (Author/EB)