The authors evaluate the validity of the Social Provisions Scale for physical activity among adolescent Black (n = 896) and White (n = 823) girls. The girls completed the scale and measures of subjective norms and physical activity in the eighth and ninth grades. Within the sample of White girls, the Social Provisions Scale contained 24 items that were represented by six first-order substantive factors and a single second-order factor, plus an orthogonal method factor for the negatively worded items. Within the sample of Black girls, the Social Provisions Scale contained 22 items that were represented by four substantive factors and a single second-order factor, plus an orthogonal method factor for the negatively worded items. Those models exhibited longitudinal invariance. Social provisions influenced physical activity and correlated with subjective norms. The Social Provisions Scale for physical activity exhibited evidence of factorial and construct validity among Black and White girls.