THE CLINICAL SYNDROMES WHICH CONTRIBUTE TO THE PRODUCTION OF MENTAL RETARDATION ARE DESCRIBED BY SIGNS, SYMPTOMS, AND ETIOLOGY. SYNDROMES TREATED ARE (1) PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL INFECTIONS, (2) PRENATAL INTOXICATION AND ALLERGIC REACTIONS, (3) PRENATAL TRAUMA, PHYSICAL AGENTS, OR INTOXICATION, (4) BIRTH INJURIES, (5) POSTNATAL POISONS AND ALLERGIC REACTIONS, (6) TOXINS, ENDOTOXINS, AND DIFICIENCIES IN THE POSTNATAL PERIOD, (7) POSTNATAL INJURIES, VASCULAR ACCIDENTS, AND ANOXIA, (8) ABNORMALITIES OF LIPID METABOLISM, (9) ABNORMALITIES OF AMINO ACID METABOLISM, (10) ABNORMALITIES OF CALCIUM METABOLISM, (11) ABNORMALITIES OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM, (12) ABNORMALITIES OF ENDOCRINE FUNCTION, (13) MISCELLANEOUS METABOLIC ABNORMALITIES, (14) DISEASES AND CONDITIONS DUE TO NEW GROWTHS AND SKIN LESIONS, (15) CRANIAL ABNORMALITIES AND PRENATAL INFLUENCES OTHER THAN INFECTIONS, INFESTATIONS, INTOXICATIONS, OR ALLERGIES, (16) CHROMOSOMAL OR GENETIC CAUSES, (17) UNKNOWN OR UNCERTAIN CAUSES, AND (18) FUNCTIONAL CAUSES. ALSO DISCUSSED ARE TYPES OF CARE FOR THE MENTALLY RETARDED, CONDITIONS RESPONDING TO THERAPY OR PREVENTION, AND SCREENING TESTS AVAILABLE FOR DIAGNOSING CERTAIN SYNDROMES. THIS DOCUMENT IS AVAILABLE FROM CHARLES C THOMAS, 301-327 EAST LAWRENCE AVENUE, SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS 62703, FOR $8.00. (DF)