In the 1960's, two medical doctors, Georgi Lozanov and Alfonso Caycedo, discovered independently that certain yogic techniques of physical and mental relaxation could be used to produce not only analgesia but also improved memory and concentration. Systems originally used in medicine and psycho-therapy were applied to education, in particular to subjects such as foreign languages that require the memorization of large amounts of factual materials. In Sofia, Bulgaria, at the Institute of Suggestology headed by Dr. Lozanov, a team of experts, led by Aleko Novakov, combined yoga relaxation and verbal suggestion with the direct method to produce a unique system of foreign language teaching: Suggestopedia. At the Instituto Alfonso Caycedo in Barcelona, work in Sophrology is based on techniques derived from the ancient East, in addition to Western Europe. Educators have taken from Sophrology its special voice training (Terpnos Logos) and its techniques of physical and mental relaxation (including breathing, visualization and concentration exercises) which, like those originally used in the Lazanov Method, promote hypermnesia. Within the context of Sophrology, Caycedo has developed a memory training system which is very similar to the original suggestopedic seance(s). (Author)