Reported in this bulletin are major results from an ongoing study conducted by the World Fertility Survey (WFS) to examine fertility levels and trends and contraceptive use in developing and developed countries. Major results were available by early 1982 from 29 developing countries and 16 developed countries. These results indicated that while substantial fertility declines were noted in Asia, the Pacific, Latin America, the Caribbean, and the Middle East, no fertility declines were found in Africa. Nearly half of the married women surveyed in 27 developing countries said they did not want any more children. Overall, 32 per cent of married, fecund women in developing countries are using contraception compared to an average 72 per cent in 16 developed countries. Education, literacy and more available family planning services increase contraceptive use. Age at marriage is rising, at least in Asia, but this factor alone has little effect on fertility. Infant mortality is higher in many developing countries than previously thought. Breastfeeding is an important restraint on fertility in most developing countries but is declining among more educated, employed and urban women which could raise fertility if not compensated for by gains in contraceptive use. (Author/MP)