The purpose of this paper is to examine the current implementation of inclusive education in South Korea and discuss its challenges. The history of special education is first described followed by an introduction to policies relevant to special and inclusive education. Next, a critical discussion of the state of inclusive education follows built upon the basis of perceived benefits and challenges by teachers involved in implementing inclusive education. This discussion extends further to include broader issues and factors that impact upon the successful implementation of inclusive education, such as teacher education and the relationship between general and special educators.