Researchers, advocates, and community agencies are beginning to question the impact of U.S. immigration enforcement strategies on very young children. In particular, immigration raids may suddenly and sometimes violently separate children from their parents, place them in unstable living environments, and create barriers to accessing needed services. Community-based organizations such as child care centers, child welfare systems, and mental health agencies are facing new challenges to provide support and resources to these children, but may not be adequately prepared to meet their complex needs. Although the federal government has issued several new policies to provide greater protection to children during law enforcement activities, many unanswered questions remain about care and protection of the children of immigrant parents during and after the enforcement of U.S. immigration laws.