After a decade of slow but steady progress, the pace of development of technologies to deacidify and strengthen deteriorating books and documents has quickened significantly. These developments accentuate the need for the conservation community to scientifically evaluate the technical merits of potential processes. This draft evaluation strategy with accompanying protocols was prepared to help facilitate the development of meaningful criteria. The proposed model suggests that evaluations of any positive enhancements to the useful life of the paper be made first. These enhancements should be first, chemical in nature--i.e., measuring the extent of deacidification and buffering that the system provides. Second, the physical effects on paper properties and strengthening effects should be evaluated; these should be measured before and after accelerated aging of the test papers and their comparison with treated paper. Next, the physical strength of the aged treated and untreated materials should be compared to determine the extent of strengthening. These evaluations should be based on the chemical and physical requirements of the process as well as empirical evaluations of a range of treatable materials. If positive enhancement is found and no significant detrimental effects are seen, it is suggested that a review of safety and toxicology issues be made. In addition to detailed information on chemical and physical effects, this document includes materials on criteria for mass preservation, standard test materials, positive enhancement, accelerated aging, physical effects post accelerated aging, and non-detrimental effects. (SD)