The author performs a theoretical analysis of the educational experience in philology teachers' professional training in Germany in the context of solving scientific problem of literary competence development. Internal and external factors of this process have been determined both by socio-political realities, economic, philosophical, cultural, psychological factors, and the dynamics of the literary process in developed countries, content diversity of literary studies, methodological, aesthetic, methodological factors of mastering literature process have been emphasized. Particular attention has been paid to designing strategies for studying modern literature based on Bourdieu's theory providing a detailed understanding of specific contexts and holistic understanding of the literary field due to metadiscourse analysis. Through the use of empirical data the process of literary field theory establishing in the German literature study has been explained, attention has been focused on reviewing the G. Grass' latest novel by literary critics under the influence of external and internal factors of literary process development that specifies educational process of literary competence development.