From 1999 to 2005, the National Center for the Study of Adult Learning and Literacy (NCSALL) did an annual review and synthesis of adult literacy research. This did not continue due to reallocation of federal education funds. To fill a portion of the gap left by NCSALL's departure, this adult literacy literature review analyzes and synthesizes the 74 adult literacy studies published in 2006, addressing methodological approaches (i.e., quantitative, qualitative, mixed, and theory-building), primary and new outlets for particular types of adult literacy research, and an overview of major findings. Key studies are discussed under three major themes: adult literacy learners, programs and instruction, and health literacy research. (Contains 1 table.)