In the last century, language researches adopted the scientific method and linguistics became an autonomous discipline. Linguistics is a framework concept that analyzes all languages in the world in various contexts according to its own rules and draws conclusions using the systematic approach. Functional linguistics is a linguistic trend that examines language elements in terms of their functions in communication. Functional grammar aims to define the functional components and meaningful components of language. This study aims to describe a theoretical framework addressing language, linguistics, functional linguistics, and functional grammar with reference to Saussure's distinction of langue and parole, opposition concept, A. Martinet's functional linguistics, and R. Jakobson's definition of language functions. While trying to find whether functional grammar can be used in native language education and to describe the framework of functional grammar, problems of language teaching were also addressed. In this descriptive study; we used examples to explain the functional linguistics approach, which is an important need in language education, and tried to create a theoretical framework. In this study, it is concluded that learning retention can be achieved through perception of language units and individuals can gain basic language skills if they are given a language education that focuses on the communicative function rather than the prescriptive function of language.