This chapter summarizes ten selected issues and common problems that arise in most assessment research projects. These include: (1) the uses of grades in assessment; (2) institutional review boards; (3) research design as a compromise; (4) standardized testing; (5) self-reported measures; (6) missing data; (7) weighting data; (8) conditional effects; (9) hierarchical linear modeling versus ordinary least squares; and (10) causation and correlation. To a critical faculty audience, these data analysis and measurement problems can be show-stoppers if they are not properly handled or defended. The authors offer some constructive suggestions for assessment researchers.