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ERIC Number: EJ870262
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2009-Sep
Pages: 6
Abstractor: ERIC
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0270-1367
EISSN: N/A
Knowledge of Results after Good Trials Enhances Learning in Older Adults
Chiviacowsky, Suzete; Wulf, Gabriele; Wally, Raquel; Borges, Thiago
Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, v80 n3 p663-668 Sep 2009
In recent years, some researchers have examined motor learning in older adults. Some of these studies have specifically looked at the effectiveness of different manipulations of extrinsic feedback, or knowledge of results (KR). Given that many motor tasks may already be more challenging for older adults compared to younger adults, making KR more difficult to use has not always been effective for learning in older adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of another KR manipulation that has recently been demonstrated to enhance learning in younger adults--one that presumably does not tax the information-processing system. In this study, the authors wanted to determine whether similar learning advantages could be seen in older adults. They replicated the experiment by Chiviacowsky and Wulf (2007), using the same task and experimental design, but used 65-year-old adults as participants. There appears to be converging evidence that providing KR after trials with relatively small errors is more effective for learning than providing KR after trials with larger errors. Chiviacowsky and Wulf (2007) followed up on these findings by directly examining the effectiveness of KR after relatively good versus poor trials and found that KR after good trials indeed resulted in superior learning in young adults. This study demonstrated that motor learning in older adults benefited from this type of KR as well. Although the 65-year-olds in this study tended to be generally less proficient relative to the 21-year-olds in Chiviacowsky and Wulf's (2007) study, the group who was provided KR after good trials demonstrated more effective retention performance than the group who received KR after poor trials. (Contains 2 figures and 1 note.)
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A