This publication consists of seven papers on educational reform in China chosen mainly from major Chinese journals of education science. "The Decision on Reforming the Educational System Made by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China," published in May 1985, is a particularly important document concerning the Chinese educational reform. Accordingly, the first article by He Dong-chang, the Vice-Chairman of the State Education Commission, highlights the major purpose of this document and analyzes the reasons why China has to restructure education. "Current Educational Reform and Research in China" by Wu Wei, focuses on seven major problems of educational reform in China at present and enumerates the major accomplishments of Chinese educational research. "On Educational Reforms in China," by Liu Yi-Fan, probes several important theoretical issues of educational reform and social development since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Professor Liu Fonian provides recommendations to "Improve the Teaching Quality in the Popularization of Compulsory Education.""Primary and Secondary Education in Rural Areas," by Xu Lin, analyzes the new problems brought about by the growth of towns in rural areas. In his "The Overall Structure of School Activities," Jiang Shanye argues for the critical importance of school activities, stressing their relationship to students' mental and physical development. Finally, Cao Qingyan summarizes the "Achievements of the People's Education in China," citing the lessons China has drawn from its educational practice in the past years. (TE)