Filling a significant gap in the literature, this book examines the impact of culture on the social behaviors, emotions, and relationships of children around the world. It also explores cultural differences in what is seen as adaptive or maladaptive development. Eminent scholars discuss major theoretical perspectives on culture and development and present cutting-edge research findings. The volume addresses key aspects of socioemotional functioning, including emotional expressivity, parent-child and peer relationships, autonomy, self-regulation, intergroup attitudes, and aggression. Implications for culturally informed intervention and prevention are highlighted. This book contains four parts. Part I, Theoretical Perspectives and Policy Implications, contains: (1) Culture and Socioemotional Development, with a Focus on Fearfulness and Attachment (Joan Stevenson-Hinde); (2) Culture and Children's Socioemotional Functioning: A Contextual-Developmental Perspective (Xinyin Chen); and (3) Culture, Public Policy, and Child Development (Hirokazu Yoshikawa and Madeleine Currie). Part II, Socialization of Socioemotional Functioning, contains: (4) Parental Ethnotheories about Children's Socioemotional Development (Sara Harkness, Charles M. Super and Caroline Johnston Mavridis); and (5) Pathways to Emotion Regulation: Cultural Differences in Internalization (Fred Rothbaum and Natalie Rusk). Part III, Socioemotional Processes, contains: (6) Emotion, Self-Regulation, and Social Behavior in Cultural Contexts (Gisela Trommsdorff and Pamela M. Cole); (7) Different Faces of Autonomy (Heidi Keller and Hiltrud Otto); (8) Ethnic/Racial Identity and Peer Relationships across Elementary, Middle, and High Schools (Tiffany Yip and Sara Douglass); and (9) Dyadic Relationships from a Cross-Cultural Perspective: Parent-Child Relationships and Friendship (Kenneth H. Rubin, Wonjung Oh, Melissa Menzer, and Katie Ellison). Part IV, Adaptive and Maladaptive Social Functioning, contains: (10) Morality, Exclusion, and Culture (Melanie Killen and Alaina Brenick); (11) The Cultural Context of Child and Adolescent Conflict Management (Doran C. French); (12) Culture, Families, and Children's Aggression: Findings from Jamaica, Japan, and Latinos in the United States (Nancy G. Guerra, Amber J. Hammons, and Michiko Otsuki Clutter); and (13) Psychosocial Functioning in the Context of Social, Economic, and Political Change (Rainer K. Silbereisen and Martin J. Tomasik).