Libraries have undergone an extraordinary transformation over the last twenty years--from glorified book warehouse to interactive learning environment. For an architect they are currently amongst the most exciting projects to be commissioned to design. Innovation and "Next Generation" are the buzz words. However instead of exploring a first principles analysis of the project, new libraries are often an eclectic assembly of design components that have worked elsewhere, but applied without a coherent framework or strategic intent. How can real innovation in spatial design and arrangement be encouraged and achieved? A Workshop process involving all stakeholders can be used to build consensus behind first principles analysis and innovative solutions. This paper looks at the potential for library design to be part of an interactive design research project between architects, librarians and users where genuine innovation is possible.