The Visegrad group comprises four countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The literature on information literacy, mainly in the respective national languages, and the development of initiatives are presented in this paper. The situation in each country is discussed separately, followed by a short discussion of similarities and differences. Approaches vary in details, but there is a common background and shared roots. The use of terminology is similar in all countries, because they are the national (native language), translated variations of internationally accepted English terms. Because of the linguistic affinity, Czech and Slovak terminology usage is even closer. Though the context behind the terminology is the same in all languages, there are some differences in the interpretations at the conceptual level, in all languages. Related national and regional initiatives are enumerated and analyzed.