This study assessed and evaluated the competitiveness of national human resource development (NHRD) systems in emerging countries with potential for growth. The literature on emerging countries and NHRD systems was reviewed. The study developed a model mechanism with forty-one indices and nine sub-components for the NHRD system assessment in emerging countries. To secure the validity of the components and indices, domestic and foreign experts in human resource development (HRD) and related areas were consulted. Each component and index was weighted using the analytic hierarchical process, and the relevance with related indices was compared and analyzed. The developed indices were found to have high relevance. According to the assessed order and component, an analysis was performed based on NHRD competitiveness rank, the economic standard, and the region. Policy makers and decision-making bodies will find this study informative for policy evaluation related to HRD, particularly in assessing the current status core and how to improve the competitiveness of NHRD systems in emerging countries.