During the last 20 years, the Netherlands has established a name for itself throughout the gay communities in the world as a tolerant country for homosexuality. This document addresses some theoretical issues that play a major role in gay affirmative counseling and psychotherapy in the Netherlands and discusses some examples of the work in the field of methodology-development. Following a brief introduction, section 2 addresses issues surrounding social constructionism, the acceptance and appreciation process, relationships, lesbian and gay male sexuality and the diverging ways of theorizing between men and women. Section 3 looks at the development of methodology, issues of acceptance and appreciation, process for relationship training for lesbian couples, and training in social skills for gay men. Section 4 discusses the education and training of counselors and psychotherapists. The document suggests that Dutch gay affirmative counseling and psychotherapy is heavily influenced by thinking and theorizing in other academic areas such as sociology, history, and cultural anthropology and is open to international influences. It is concluded that the following issues need further consideration: violence within gay and lesbian relationships, the position of gays and lesbians within the army; gay parenthood; and gays who are handicapped. It is noted that in view of the limited resources and possibilities of gay psychology, an expansion of international contacts and cooperation appears to be vital. (BHK)