As state and district leaders evaluate characteristics of their student populations, many will find one number particularly startling: The number of homeless students has doubled in less than a decade. States can take several actions to serve these students better, some of which are incorporated in the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). Some of these provisions in ESSA kick in immediately. This policy update is part of a series that suggests strategies that state boards of education can use to address the challenges and inequities facing some of the most disenfranchised, at-risk student populations in the country. Efforts in successful states center on five best practices in identifying and serving homeless students and holding actors accountable: (1) States must first identify their homeless students; (2) States must turn to the question of how to use federal and state resources to address individual student needs; (3) States must address homeless students' place of residence challenges by removing barriers to enrollment and keeping homeless K-12 and preschool students in their schools of origin when it is in their best interest--addressing paperwork, fines, and fees associated with staying in their home schools and facilitating transportation; (4) State boards of education need to ensure that regulations and policies ranging from standards implementation to Advanced Placement access and credit accrual to participation in summer school and extracurricular activities include specific accommodations to ensure homeless students also have access to all the facets of a high-quality education; and (5) State systems of learning should ensure the same high expectations for learning for all students regardless of their race, disability, income, or housing status. [For the other policy updates in this series, see "ESSA and Migrant Youth. Policy Update. Vol. 23, No. 19" (ED571524); "ESSA and Students with Disabilities. Policy Update. Vol. 23, No. 20" (ED571526); "ESSA and English Language Learners. Policy Update. Vol. 23, No. 21" (ED571532); and "ESSA and Students in Foster Care. Policy Update. Vol. 23, No. 22" (ED571528).]