Over the past 25 years a major shift in political ideology has refocused educational politics from equality issues to issues relating to excellence, accountability, and choice. The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001 reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Act (ESEA) first passed in 1965. NCLB legislation is a continuation of the educational reform movement for improved academic achievement that began in 1983 with publication of a government report, A Nation Risk, which called for higher standards to prepare students for the 21st century. Reaction to the at-risk report generated many reform initiatives resulting in the assessment, standards and accountability movement today. The organizational structure of the NCLB covers 10 separate titles. This book provides an enhanced understanding of NCLB major features and suggests resources in the areas of: History of Accountability and Achievement; Adequate Yearly Progress; Highly-Qualified Teachers; Title I; Reading and Early Childhood; School Reform including Charter and Vouchers; Restructuring; School Finance; and High School Reform. Following an introduction, this book is divided into 10 chapters: (1) Changing Accountability Measures and Achievement; (2) Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP); (3) Highly-Qualified Teachers; (4) Overview of Title I; (5) Title I--Reading and Early Childhood; (6) School Reform: Charters and Vouchers; (7) Restructuring; (8) Impact of NCLB on School Finance; (9) Impact of NCLB on School Finance; (10) High School Reform and Other Future Trends; and (10) Conclusion.