Many religious orders and congregations that were deported from France between 1904 and 1914 established themselves in neighbouring countries (Belgium, Switzerland, Italy and Spain). One of the affected congregations was "Los Hermanos de las Escuelas Cristianas," which worked in the field of popular education. Many of its members found refuge in the Spanish province of Gipuzkoa, which neighbours France on the Atlantic coast, where it succeeded in establishing and maintaining itself for centuries. Today it is the second most important congregation in terms of the number of schools and teachers in the private school sector. An analysis of this congregation in Gipuzkoa during a 100-year period reveals a considerable increase in schools located in cities and villages with a large industrial sector; with institutions being dispersed throughout the entire province, and a dedication to popular education through vocational training. This training has been one of the most important characteristics of Lasallian pedagogy, and it paralleled the modernisation processes of Gipuzkoan society in the twentieth century. (Contains 4 tables, 1 figure and 62 footnotes.)