This study investigated the hypotheses that 1) infants delivered from a left occiput anterior or transverse position (LOA/LOT) would exhibit a right supine head orientation in the neonatal examination and a right hand preference at 19 weeks of age; and 2) infants delivered from a right occiput anterior or transverse position (ROA/ROT) would exhibit a neonatal head-left orientation and a left hand preference at 19 weeks of age. Head position at birth was assessed by the attending physician's recording of the position of the occiput of the fetus during four stages of labor and delivery. In the left occiput anterior and transverse group there were 23 males and 29 females; in the right occiput anterior and transverse group, there were 31 males and 21 females. Neonatal postural preferences were assessed, when the infant was between 12 and 96 hours of age, by observation of position of head, arms, and hands. Results showed that infants delivered LOA/LOT demonstrated a right neonatal head position preference, whereas infants delivered ROA/ROT did not demonstrate the expected left bias. The infants' head positions were evenly divided between right and left. At approximately 19 weeks of age, 76 of the 104 infants were examined on hand preference items selected from infant scales (Bayley, 1969; Lederer 1939), and one original stimulus. Sixty-four percent of these infants preferred the right hand and 32 percent preferred the left hand. In addition, significant relationships were found between the position of the head at birth and handedness at 19 weeks of age, and between neonatal head position preference and hand preference at 19 weeks of age. (Author/MP)