This study explored variations in the meaning and psychological dimensions of achievement among people of different ages, sexes, and cultures. Subjects were 504 male and female British and Chinese students aged 13-55 in Hong Kong. Repertory grid technique was used to elicit success situations and related constructs. A group grid was then constructed and administered to the subjects. Results revealed two major types of achievement situations (affiliative and individualistic/competitive) and three major dimensions of achievement (outcome/emotional state, instrumental activity, and causal attribution). While these dimensions were the same for all, significant differences were found between groups on importance attached to success situations. Overall, success in family social life appeared to be the most important category of success for all, although British females perceived this category to be more important than did male subjects. Results suggest that affiliative goals may be more important among westerners than has been stated in the literature. Effort, self-control, hard work, industriousness, and ability were related to achievement for all groups suggesting that these might be universal human values, and not necessarily the Protestant work ethic. (Author/ABL)