Also known as online learning, virtual learning, and distance learning, e-learning relies on the Internet as a way to deliver instruction to students. This article explores the differences between virtual schools, and virtual courses, and discusses the differences between the two, and the benefits of both. In both virtual schools and virtual courses, students work at their own pace and meet assignment deadlines. A combination of quizzes, tests, projects, and portfolio submissions are used to evaluate student performance, and students are also required to take standardized tests. Before selecting a provider, or creating their own e-learning ventures, districts must make decisions about several policy issues, including teacher certification, and granting credit for courses completed. To some extent, educators can apply existing evaluation tools and processes. There are also several issues that states and districts must consider around funding and online learning. The first is the source of money to create or purchase online courses, and the second is the impact on school, district, or state budgets. As more virtual schools emerge, the relationship with teachers unions is sure to be tested. Educators in most districts belong to a union that serves as the bargaining agent for contracts and benefits, either the American Federation of Teachers or the National Education Association or a partnership of the two. Yet many virtual teachers are not members of a union that bargains for them. Despite the fact that e-learning is beset with a host of challenges and issues that continue to make it controversial and often difficult to institute, it is nevertheless already widely recognized as an invaluable resource for students, educators, and parents.