Impact evaluations of school-based management (SBM) programs, or any other kind of program, are important because they can demonstrate whether or not the program has accomplished its objectives. Furthermore, these evaluations can identify ways to improve the design of the program. These evaluations can also make successful interventions politically sustainable and can create a consensus on a plan for reforming an unsuccessful program. This report discusses the challenges associated with establishing impact evaluations in the SBM setting. It presents the most robust evaluations of different SBM programs around the world, classifying them by type of evaluation--randomization, regression discontinuity analysis, instrumental variables, difference in differences, and matching estimators. The report assesses the strength of the literature and discusses key aspects of evaluating SBM, such as how the intervention affects educational outcomes and how quickly the impact is likely to be seen. Also, it gives guidance on how best to implement an impact evaluation. (Contains 1 figure and 3 tables.) [Significant contributions to this report were received from Thomas Cook, Carmen Ana Deseda, Paul Gertler, Marta Rubio-Codina, Anna Maria Sant'Anna, and Lucrecia Santibanez.]