A successfully targeted intervention can influence food safety knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, as well as encourage participants to recognize their own responsibility for safe food handling. This acknowledgement of an individual's responsibility and capacity to address food safety can be understood as self-efficacy of food safety (SEFS). This study investigated the impact of a specific educational intervention, "Hands On: Real-World Lessons for Middle School Classrooms", curriculum on SEFS in adolescents and was guided by two research questions: (1) to what extent can an existing food safety curriculum impact students' SEFS, and (2) to what extent does a relationship exist between changes in self-efficacy and changes in food safety behavior, particularly when controlling for knowledge gains. A total sample of 424 students across 6 states participated in this study. Teachers were trained to implement the "Hands On" program in their classrooms and then students were administered a pre- and posttest to measure the impact of the program on knowledge, food safety-related behaviors, and SEFS. The data indicated that there is a strong predictive relationship between SEFS and positive behavior change. Additionally, the "Hands On" program was effective at increasing students' SEFS.