Economic development and social progress in China's ethnic minority regions depend on improvements in population attributes brought about by education. Developing education in China's ethnic regions is a project of fundamental significance for realizing sustainable economic and social development in the ethnic regions. Improving the economic returns of education in China's ethnic regions is beneficial for making educational input-output more consistent with the needs of the ethnic regions' economic development. In this article, we proceed from the perspective of educational economics, take China's ethnic regions as our study subject, and draw upon relevant data from the "China Statistical Yearbook" to measure and calculate the current state of economic returns from education in the ethnic regions, analyze their influencing factors, and explore feasible ways of improving the economic returns of education in China's ethnic minority regions. (Contains 6 tables and 4 figures.)