Passage of the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) in December 2015 signaled a new era for teacher evaluation reform. Under ESSA, states and districts have greater autonomy to design and implement teacher evaluation systems independent of federal influence. This new flexibility brings with it new responsibilities and challenges for states and districts as they consider ways to improve their current teacher evaluation systems--which teacher performance measures to choose, how to weight them, how to combine them, and where to set the rating thresholds that determine teacher effectiveness. This article identifies these key challenges and opportunities, and poses a series of questions for policymakers and school leaders to consider as they undertake revisions to their existing evaluation systems. These queries should inform state and district leaders on the issues involved in redesigning teacher evaluation systems and the potential consequences of their decisions.