This paper presents a review of relevant medical and psychological literature that addresses the psychological characteristics of heroin addiction and addicts: dependence (both physical and psychological); explanations of the phenomenon of addiction (both medical and behavioral); and other psychosocial views of causation including escapism, tension reduction, and sexuality. Drawing from the review and interviews with ex-addicts and drug abuse counselors, motivational dynamics and the addictive profile are presented. Goals and objectives for treatment and rehabilitation are outlined. Special considerations and possible rehabilitation approaches and methods to resocialize the addict and reinstate him/her into a more conventional role are highlighted. (JAC)