This study presents case studies of rural elementary schools in Hawaii that examine resource allocation strategies that promote student achievement. The combined frame work of the Evidence Based Model (Odden & Picus, 2008) and the 10 Strategies for Doubling Student Performance (Odden, 2009) were utilized to compare actual school resources and student achievement data to determine educational adequacy. The study investigates the instructional vision and improvement strategies of rural elementary schools, how they are using resources to implement effective strategies, the effects of recent budget adjustments and the resource allocation patterns that align with or are different from the comparison framework. Common strategies used by all three schools include principal leadership, using data to inform instruction, providing multiple interventions for struggling students, and collaboration and professional development. The schools in this study use multiple strategies to impact education for the highly disadvantaged and minority student populations that they serve. The data shows that these schools possess the adequate funds and potential to increase student achievement beyond what they are generating, however the consistency and quality of resources are questionable. The more aligned individual schools were with the comparison framework, the more consistent their growth was over time. Recommendations include expanding this study with a future gap analysis, escalation of leadership and teaching fidelity for rigorous alignment of resources to goals, and prioritizing the reallocation of resources to align with educational commitments to ensure academic success for all students. The Evidence Based Model and Ten Strategies could serve as a catalyst for schools to figure out adequate levels of resources needed to significantly increase student achievement. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]