This study investigates the dispositional factors related to work stress. Specifically, previous research has demonstrated a relationship between core self-evaluation (CSE) and general life stress. This article extends past research by examining the relationship between CSE and work stress, and includes goal orientation as a potential mediator of this relationship. Learning goal orientation and performance goal orientation are two variables that are salient to HRD scholarship interests. The study results supported the hypothesis that CSE is negatively related to work stress, and that performance-prove goal orientation partially mediates this relationship. Given Russ-Eft's (2001) call for additional research exploring work stress and learning, and a recent meta-analysis exploring the relationship between another core personality trait (psychological capital) and work stress (Avey, Reichard, Luthans, & Mhatre, 2011), the results of this study make an important contribution to our understanding of the relationship between core personality traits and work stress research. Furthermore, managers and executive coaches can use the results of this study to develop interventions designed to address the stress-related problems of individuals and organizations. (Contains 1 table, 2 figures, and 1 footnote.)