The efficiency of different cognitive training procedures in elderly people was studied. Two types of methods to train cognitive and memory functions were compared. One method was based on new technologies and the other one on pencil-and-paper activities. Thirty-six elderly institutionalized people aged 68-94 were trained. Quantitative and memory measurements were used. Results suggest that participants trained with specific software improved their objective memory scores. Pencil-and-paper training programs improved participants' subjective memory and health. This study also suggests that meta-memory issues must be trained no matter what training procedures are used. (Contains 3 tables and 2 figures.)