The number of nontraditional families, including single-parent families and stepfamilies, in America has been steadily increasing. This study was conducted to examine the effects of family structure (intact, stepparent, and single-parent) on institutionalized children's self-concepts using Parish and Taylor's Personal Attribute Inventory for Children (PAIC). The PAIC and a demographic questionnaire were completed by 166 students in grades 5 through 12 who were residing in a state-operated children's home. Fifty-one students were from intact families, 54 were from stepfamilies, and 61 were from divorced-single parent families. No significant differences in self-concept scores by sex were found, although females from each family type scored higher than did male counterparts. A trend was noted for students from single-parent families to check fewer positive adjectives on the PAIC; their mean scores, however, did not differ significantly (.05 level) from the means of children from intact families or stepfamilies. Further analyses revealed that children from intact families were significantly more likely to describe themselves as happy, kind, and nice than were children from stepfamilies or from single-parent families. Children from stepfamilies were significantly more likely to describe themselves as brave, fairminded, honest, and wise than were children from either intact or single-parent families. (NB)