A dyadic model of economic strain was applied to the study of anxiety and depression as mediating mechanisms in the economic strain-psychological aggression relation. Data came from self-report questionnaires completed by 143 Argentinean clinical couples. Structural equation modeling analysis indicated that anxiety and depression increased for both partners when they were experiencing economic strain, but only the female anxiety and the male depression increased both partners' psychological aggression. These findings and their implications for researchers, clinicians, and program designers are discussed.