Heightened concern about eating behavior has been expressed in recent surveys of high school and college students. There have been increased requests for treatment of eating disorders among college students and many colleges have developed programs that provide treatment for students afflicted with an eating disorder. The Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) was administered to 347 male and 829 female college students to assess gender differences in psychological factors associated with attitudes toward eating and health. The EDI was selected for its ability to provide information about eight psychological factors that have been repeatedly associated with eating and health behaviors: (1) drive for thinness; (2) bulimia; (3) body dissatisfaction; (4) ineffectiveness; (5) perfectionism; (6) interpersonal distrust; (7) interoceptive awareness; and (8) maturity fears. The results revealed that females were more concerned about and dissatisfied with their weight, were more prone to bingeing, felt less in control of their lives, and were less sensitive to cues and emotions associated with hunger and eating than were males. These findings provide a data-based foundation for the development of broader student services on college campuses. (Author/NB)