This is the second of two volumes of selected papers presented at the 1996 conference "Changes in Working Hours in Canada and the United States." Eleven chapters explore an expanded set of working-time issues, which may be loosely grouped under these two topics: working time over the life cycle and nonstandard work arrangements. "Introduction and Overview" (Susan Houseman, Alice Nakamura) is followed by these two chapters in Part I that examine general patterns and trends in working time over the life cycle for the United States (U.S.) and Canada and introduce a number of the basic terms and concepts used in the rest of the volume: "The Life Cycle of Working Time in the U.S. and Canada: Long-Term Evidence" (John D. Owen) and "Perspectives on Working Time over the Life Cycle" (Michael Wolfson, Geoff Rowe). Part II contains these five chapters that examine individuals' work decisions at key points in the life cycle: "Adults Returning to School--Payoffs from Studying at a Community College" (Duane E. Leigh, Andrew M. Gill); "Children's Effects on Women's Labor Market Attachment and Earnings" (William E. Even, David A. Macpherson); "U.S. Health Policy and Mothers of Children with Disabilities" (Janet Hunt-McCool); "Early Retirees of a Telecommunications Firm--Patterns of Employment and Working Time" (Gangaram Singh, Anil Verma); "Working Time over the Life Cycle: Do Public Pensions Matter?" (Michael Baker, Dwayne Benjamin). Part III focuses on various forms of nonstandard employment. The first three chapters have to do with worker behavior and employment patterns. The fourth examines employer hiring practices. They are "Self-Employment and Schedule Flexibility for Married Females: Evidence for the U.S. from SIPP (Survey of Income and Program Participation)" (Theresa J. Devine); "Work Site and Work Hours: The Labor Force Flexibility of Home-Based Female Workers" (Linda N. Edwards, Elizabeth Field-Hendrey); "A Comparative Analysis of Moonlighting in Canada and the U.S." (Jean Kimmel, Lisa M. Powell); and "Large Companies and the Changing Use of Temporary Workers: Trends and Impacts on Financial Measures of Performance" (Shulamit Kahn et al.). Cited author and subject indexes are appended. Each paper contains references. (YLB)