The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between School Counselor self-efficacy, role definition and actual and preferred school counseling activities in a sample drawn from a population of school counselors. To measure these variables, the School Counselor Self-Efficacy Scale (SCSE) and the School Counselor Activity Rating Scale (SCARS) were used. A demographic survey was used to investigate the characteristics of the participants. In addition, relationships between the demographic data and the variables were explored. The sample was retrieved from a public website listing 1514 high school counselors working in the state of Ohio in public high schools (grades nine through twelve). A random sample of 216 counselors was drawn. The final sample consisted of 81 persons who responded to an online survey. Data analyses indicated that in general, the high school counselors report high self-efficacy in most activities, especially counseling-related activities. They reported high job satisfaction but also reported a significant amount of stress in their jobs. Counselors reported administering testing and performing "Other" Activities frequently. There was a high correlation between those counselors who rated as having the highest self-efficacy and not performing non-counseling activities. There were no significant demographic correlations found in this study. Several suggestions for practitioners, educators and Counseling Education programs are explored. The significance of this study is that a voice of Ohio high school counselors surfaced when 81 persons chose to participate. By examining the results of this study, students of Counseling Education programs may get to know what the duties of school counselors entail. Counseling Educations programs can educate administrators on how best to manage and employ school counselors. Limitations of this study are also addressed and suggestions for future research are given. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]