The size and scope of online usage in Australia's vocational education and training sector were examined in a four-stage study that included the numerous data collection activities, including the following: a literature review; interviews with 85 institutes; interviews with 10 training organizations and 20 organizations using online learning; paper-based surveys of 551 individuals at 85 technical and further education (TAFE) institutes and 35 major private providers of TAFE across Australia; and 3 case studies. Although online learning was being heavily supported in most states, the results of student outcome surveys indicated little engagement by learners with the online option. Registered training organizations across Australia were offering and delivering online modules in a wide range of industry/occupational groupings. The most popular industry groups for online modules were property and business, communication, agriculture, forestry, and fishing. Approximately 51% of capital city and rural dwellers had completed online modules. Rural residents accounted for 40% of graduates of online programs. A need for more educational market research was identified. (Thirteen tables/figures and 81 references are included. The following are among the items appended: lists of organizations and individuals involved in the study; definitions; the questions used in the various interviews; the online survey questionnaire; and a list of online initiatives in Australia. (MN)