In the past 10 years the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased considerably and there is growing recognition of the need to establish positive attitudes to healthy lifestyle practices from an early age if this trend is to be reversed. Childcare centres provide ideal environments from which to develop these positive attitudes. A literature review conducted to identify best-practice physical activity programs and resources utilised by long day care (LDC) and family day care (FDC) found only one physical activity program directly targeting these settings. In addition, few references to physical activity were found in the National Childcare Accreditation Council Quality Improvement and Accreditation System and Family Day Care Quality Assurance systems. The literature also suggested limited research on the physical activity status of children attending LDC and FDC. Further developments to these areas will improve the delivery of Australian child care and assist in a healthy future for Australian children through LDC and FDC. (Contains 1 table.)