Kenneth Trump, a school safety expert who consults with districts on how to respond to school safety crises, explains how the new prevalence of threats of violence being delivered over digital and social media creates for administrators a "communication crisis" that unfolds alongside the real or perceived crisis of school safety being breached. Once a threat, even one that seems to have no credibility, comes in at school, misinformation about that warning spreads rapidly through the school and often to the media. Trump states that schools must develop "threat assessment protocols" so they can rationally analyze how serious the threat is, rather than make knee-jerk reactions like closing school instantly. He further states that schools need to have a communications/social media strategy in place to put out the word about safety and to be ready to deliver messages effectively and uniformly if a threat or a real incident happens.