Holography is a process which numbers among its many applications the creation of holograms--unique three dimensional photographs that show spatial relations and shifts just as they exist in reality. This book recounts the history of holography, tracing its development from Euclid's theory of light rays through Huygens' theory of wave motion to Grimaldi's discovery of diffraction. It describes the discoveries of Dr. Thomas Young and Augustin Fresnel which established the existence of the property of light known as "interference." The work of Dennis Gabor, who more than any other man was the discoverer of holography, is examined in detail, and the classic experiments of G. L. Rogers, Paul Kirkpatrick, and Albert Baez are described. An explanation of the role of side looking radar and lasers in producing a hologram completes the historical review. The book also describes the techniques currently used to produce holograms, and it explores the ways in which the holographic process is used in industry to detect subtle motion and distance changes. Concluding chapters detail the most current experiments with the holographic process and discuss future applications of the technique. (JY)