Although there is considerable evidence that culture-related factors are associated with aggressive behavior, their effect on the development of conduct problems (CP) has been insufficiently studied. This study focused on adherence to honor code (AHC), defined by the endorsement of honor culture attitudes at the identity narrative level of personality assessment, as a mediator in the prediction of CP by callousness, insecure attachment, and socioeconomic status. Our sample of 136 adolescent boys (M age = 15.02, SD = 1.48) oversampled high- and low-level Israeli schools, both academically and behaviorally. Structural equation modeling supported the theoretical model: AHC was a significant predictor of CP and partially mediated the prediction of CP by callousness and socioeconomic status. Insecure attachment predicted AHC but was not an independent predictor of CP. (Contains 4 tables and 1 figure.)